There are 4 types of active elements (sources)
It is a 2-terminal sources that maintains a specific voltage across its terminals regardless of the current through it
It is a 2-terminal sources that maintains a specific current through it regardless of the voltage across it terminals.
It is a 2-terminal sources that generates a voltage that is determined by a voltage or current at a specified location in the circuit.
It is a 2-terminal sources that generates a current that is
Basic Quantities
(1) Electron :electron is a mobile charge carrier.
The electron is measured in coulumb [ C ]
the time rate of change of charge produces an electrical current
the electric current is measured in Amper [A]
The voltage is defined as the work or energy (in Joules) required per unit charge to move a test charge though an element
Power is the time rate of change of energy.
(5) Energy
Passive sign convention
Power can be absorbed or supplied by an element.
Power is absorbed (or dissipated) by an element if the sign of power is (+)
Power is supplied (delivered or generated) by an element if
the sign of power is (-)
1. Independent voltage source:
It is a 2-terminal sources that maintains a specific voltage across its terminals regardless of the current through it
2. Independent current source:
It is a 2-terminal sources that maintains a specific current through it regardless of the voltage across it terminals.
3. Dependent voltage source:
It is a 2-terminal sources that generates a voltage that is determined by a voltage or current at a specified location in the circuit.
4. Dependent current source:
It is a 2-terminal sources that generates a current that is
determined by voltage or current at a specified location in the circuit.
(1) Electron :electron is a mobile charge carrier.
The electron is measured in coulumb [ C ]
(2) Current :
the time rate of change of charge produces an electrical current
(3) Voltage :
The voltage is defined as the work or energy (in Joules) required per unit charge to move a test charge though an element
(4) Power :
Power is the time rate of change of energy.
(5) Energy
Passive sign convention
Power can be absorbed or supplied by an element.
Power is absorbed (or dissipated) by an element if the sign of power is (+)
Power is supplied (delivered or generated) by an element if
the sign of power is (-)
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